Evidence matrix

One grid, the same rules for every candidate

Rows are pronunciation candidates. Columns are corpus claims. Each cell shows how a claim relates to a candidate, as recorded in the data. There is no total score and no ranking: read across a row to see what a candidate rests on, or down a column to see what a claim touches.

Candidate Tier C02OrthographyC03LinguisticC04TranscriptionC05TranscriptionC07MedievalC08ReconstructionC09ReconstructionC14MethodC15Hypothesis
IEHOAH
—
Proposed form (unattested) · · · · · · · ·
Yah
/jah/ (received Hebrew)
Related short form (consonants attested; vowels transmitted) · · · · · · ·
Yahowah
/ja.ho.ˈwah/ (approx.)
Proposed form (unattested) · · · · · · · ·
Yahu / Yaho
—
Related short form (consonants attested; vowels transmitted) · · · · · ·
Yahuwah
/jah.u.ˈwah/ (one possible reading)
Proposed form (unattested) · · · · · ·
Yahwah
/ˈjah.wah/ (approx.)
Proposed form (unattested) · · · · · · · ·
Yahweh
/ˈjah.we/ (approx.)
Mainstream scholarly reconstruction · · · · · ·
Yahwoh
/ˈjah.wo/ (proposed)
Scholarly minority reconstruction · · · · · · · ·
Yawohah
—
Proposed form (unattested) · · · · · · · ·
Yehowah
/je.ho.ˈwah/ (approx.)
Later historical pronunciation · · · · · · ·
Yehwoah
—
Proposed form (unattested) · · · · · · · ·
IEHOAH
IPA not specified
Proposed form (unattested)
  • C07 Partly relevantMasoretic vowel pointing of YHWH participates in a standing reading convention.
Yah
/jah/ (received Hebrew)
Related short form (consonants attested; vowels transmitted)
  • C03 SupportsHebrew personal names preserve prefix Yeho-/Yo- and suffix -yahu/-yah traditions.
  • C14 LimitsNo candidate full-name pronunciation is directly secured by Iron Age Hebrew consonantal inscriptions.
Yahowah
/ja.ho.ˈwah/ (approx.)
Proposed form (unattested)
  • C14 LimitsNo candidate full-name pronunciation is directly secured by Iron Age Hebrew consonantal inscriptions.
Yahu / Yaho
IPA not specified
Related short form (consonants attested; vowels transmitted)
  • C02 SupportsElephantine textual evidence contains independent shortened spellings YHW and YHH.
  • C05 Indirect support4Q120 represents the divine name with Greek ΙΑΩ.
  • C15 Unresolved historyBoth YHW-from-YHWH and YHWH-from-YHW origin scenarios have been considered.
Yahuwah
/jah.u.ˈwah/ (one possible reading)
Proposed form (unattested)
  • C02 Related, not proofElephantine textual evidence contains independent shortened spellings YHW and YHH.
  • C03 Related, not proofHebrew personal names preserve prefix Yeho-/Yo- and suffix -yahu/-yah traditions.
  • C14 LimitsNo candidate full-name pronunciation is directly secured by Iron Age Hebrew consonantal inscriptions.
Yahwah
/ˈjah.wah/ (approx.)
Proposed form (unattested)
  • C14 LimitsNo candidate full-name pronunciation is directly secured by Iron Age Hebrew consonantal inscriptions.
Yahweh
/ˈjah.we/ (approx.)
Mainstream scholarly reconstruction
  • C04 Indirect supportTheodoret reports Iabe for Samaritans and Aia for Jews in the fifth century CE.
  • C08 SupportsYahweh is the dominant modern academic reconstruction of the complete YHWH name.
  • C14 LimitsNo candidate full-name pronunciation is directly secured by Iron Age Hebrew consonantal inscriptions.
Yahwoh
/ˈjah.wo/ (proposed)
Scholarly minority reconstruction
  • C09 SupportsYahwoh is explicitly entertained by an academic epigraphist citing Caquot.
Yawohah
IPA not specified
Proposed form (unattested)
  • C14 LimitsNo candidate full-name pronunciation is directly secured by Iron Age Hebrew consonantal inscriptions.
Yehowah
/je.ho.ˈwah/ (approx.)
Later historical pronunciation
  • C07 Historical originMasoretic vowel pointing of YHWH participates in a standing reading convention.
  • C14 LimitsNo candidate full-name pronunciation is directly secured by Iron Age Hebrew consonantal inscriptions.
Yehwoah
IPA not specified
Proposed form (unattested)
  • C14 LimitsNo candidate full-name pronunciation is directly secured by Iron Age Hebrew consonantal inscriptions.
Cell key
SupportsIndirect supportHistorical originRelated, not proofPartly relevantUnresolved historyLimits ·No link recorded yet

An empty cell means the link hasn't been recorded yet, not that the claim is irrelevant. Gaps like these are an invitation to contribute.

Why there is no score

Adding up cells would turn a description into a verdict, and the weights would be the editors' choice. The open research question Q15 asks whether a non-circular confidence score is possible at all. Until there is a published, preregistered method, the matrix shows the evidence and leaves the weighing to the reader.

Where scholarly opinion is lopsided, the corpus says so through attributed claims (for example C08 on the mainstream reconstruction and C09 on a minority proposal) rather than through layout or ordering.